|
|
|
|
Metadata-Version: 2.1
|
|
|
|
|
Name: attrs
|
|
|
|
|
Version: 19.3.0
|
|
|
|
|
Summary: Classes Without Boilerplate
|
|
|
|
|
Home-page: https://www.attrs.org/
|
|
|
|
|
Author: Hynek Schlawack
|
|
|
|
|
Author-email: hs@ox.cx
|
|
|
|
|
Maintainer: Hynek Schlawack
|
|
|
|
|
Maintainer-email: hs@ox.cx
|
|
|
|
|
License: MIT
|
|
|
|
|
Project-URL: Documentation, https://www.attrs.org/
|
|
|
|
|
Project-URL: Bug Tracker, https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues
|
|
|
|
|
Project-URL: Source Code, https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs
|
|
|
|
|
Keywords: class,attribute,boilerplate
|
|
|
|
|
Platform: UNKNOWN
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Natural Language :: English
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Operating System :: OS Independent
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 2.7
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.4
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.5
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
|
|
|
|
|
Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries :: Python Modules
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Python: >=2.7, !=3.0.*, !=3.1.*, !=3.2.*, !=3.3.*
|
|
|
|
|
Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
|
|
|
|
|
Provides-Extra: azure-pipelines
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: coverage ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: hypothesis ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pympler ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.3.0) ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: six ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pytest-azurepipelines ; extra == 'azure-pipelines'
|
|
|
|
|
Provides-Extra: dev
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: coverage ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: hypothesis ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pympler ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.3.0) ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: six ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pre-commit ; extra == 'dev'
|
|
|
|
|
Provides-Extra: docs
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: sphinx ; extra == 'docs'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'docs'
|
|
|
|
|
Provides-Extra: tests
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: coverage ; extra == 'tests'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: hypothesis ; extra == 'tests'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pympler ; extra == 'tests'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: pytest (>=4.3.0) ; extra == 'tests'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: six ; extra == 'tests'
|
|
|
|
|
Requires-Dist: zope.interface ; extra == 'tests'
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. image:: https://www.attrs.org/en/latest/_static/attrs_logo.png
|
|
|
|
|
:alt: attrs Logo
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
======================================
|
|
|
|
|
``attrs``: Classes Without Boilerplate
|
|
|
|
|
======================================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/attrs/badge/?version=stable
|
|
|
|
|
:target: https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/?badge=stable
|
|
|
|
|
:alt: Documentation Status
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. image:: https://attrs.visualstudio.com/attrs/_apis/build/status/python-attrs.attrs?branchName=master
|
|
|
|
|
:target: https://attrs.visualstudio.com/attrs/_build/latest?definitionId=1&branchName=master
|
|
|
|
|
:alt: CI Status
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. image:: https://codecov.io/github/python-attrs/attrs/branch/master/graph/badge.svg
|
|
|
|
|
:target: https://codecov.io/github/python-attrs/attrs
|
|
|
|
|
:alt: Test Coverage
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. image:: https://img.shields.io/badge/code%20style-black-000000.svg
|
|
|
|
|
:target: https://github.com/psf/black
|
|
|
|
|
:alt: Code style: black
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. teaser-begin
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
``attrs`` is the Python package that will bring back the **joy** of **writing classes** by relieving you from the drudgery of implementing object protocols (aka `dunder <https://nedbatchelder.com/blog/200605/dunder.html>`_ methods).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Its main goal is to help you to write **concise** and **correct** software without slowing down your code.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. -spiel-end-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For that, it gives you a class decorator and a way to declaratively define the attributes on that class:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. -code-begin-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. code-block:: pycon
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> import attr
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> @attr.s
|
|
|
|
|
... class SomeClass(object):
|
|
|
|
|
... a_number = attr.ib(default=42)
|
|
|
|
|
... list_of_numbers = attr.ib(factory=list)
|
|
|
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
|
... def hard_math(self, another_number):
|
|
|
|
|
... return self.a_number + sum(self.list_of_numbers) * another_number
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> sc = SomeClass(1, [1, 2, 3])
|
|
|
|
|
>>> sc
|
|
|
|
|
SomeClass(a_number=1, list_of_numbers=[1, 2, 3])
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> sc.hard_math(3)
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
|
|
>>> sc == SomeClass(1, [1, 2, 3])
|
|
|
|
|
True
|
|
|
|
|
>>> sc != SomeClass(2, [3, 2, 1])
|
|
|
|
|
True
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> attr.asdict(sc)
|
|
|
|
|
{'a_number': 1, 'list_of_numbers': [1, 2, 3]}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> SomeClass()
|
|
|
|
|
SomeClass(a_number=42, list_of_numbers=[])
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
>>> C = attr.make_class("C", ["a", "b"])
|
|
|
|
|
>>> C("foo", "bar")
|
|
|
|
|
C(a='foo', b='bar')
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
After *declaring* your attributes ``attrs`` gives you:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- a concise and explicit overview of the class's attributes,
|
|
|
|
|
- a nice human-readable ``__repr__``,
|
|
|
|
|
- a complete set of comparison methods (equality and ordering),
|
|
|
|
|
- an initializer,
|
|
|
|
|
- and much more,
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
*without* writing dull boilerplate code again and again and *without* runtime performance penalties.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
On Python 3.6 and later, you can often even drop the calls to ``attr.ib()`` by using `type annotations <https://www.attrs.org/en/latest/types.html>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
This gives you the power to use actual classes with actual types in your code instead of confusing ``tuple``\ s or `confusingly behaving <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/why.html#namedtuples>`_ ``namedtuple``\ s.
|
|
|
|
|
Which in turn encourages you to write *small classes* that do `one thing well <https://www.destroyallsoftware.com/talks/boundaries>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
Never again violate the `single responsibility principle <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_responsibility_principle>`_ just because implementing ``__init__`` et al is a painful drag.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. -testimonials-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Testimonials
|
|
|
|
|
============
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Amber Hawkie Brown**, Twisted Release Manager and Computer Owl:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Writing a fully-functional class using attrs takes me less time than writing this testimonial.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Glyph Lefkowitz**, creator of `Twisted <https://twistedmatrix.com/>`_, `Automat <https://pypi.org/project/Automat/>`_, and other open source software, in `The One Python Library Everyone Needs <https://glyph.twistedmatrix.com/2016/08/attrs.html>`_:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I’m looking forward to is being able to program in Python-with-attrs everywhere.
|
|
|
|
|
It exerts a subtle, but positive, design influence in all the codebases I’ve see it used in.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Kenneth Reitz**, creator of `Requests <https://github.com/psf/requests>`_ (`on paper no less <https://twitter.com/hynek/status/866817877650751488>`_!):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
attrs—classes for humans. I like it.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
**Łukasz Langa**, creator of `Black <https://github.com/psf/black>`_, prolific Python core developer, and release manager for Python 3.8 and 3.9:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
I'm increasingly digging your attr.ocity. Good job!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. -end-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. -project-information-
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Getting Help
|
|
|
|
|
============
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Please use the ``python-attrs`` tag on `StackOverflow <https://stackoverflow.com/questions/tagged/python-attrs>`_ to get help.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Answering questions of your fellow developers is also great way to help the project!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Project Information
|
|
|
|
|
===================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
``attrs`` is released under the `MIT <https://choosealicense.com/licenses/mit/>`_ license,
|
|
|
|
|
its documentation lives at `Read the Docs <https://www.attrs.org/>`_,
|
|
|
|
|
the code on `GitHub <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs>`_,
|
|
|
|
|
and the latest release on `PyPI <https://pypi.org/project/attrs/>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
It’s rigorously tested on Python 2.7, 3.4+, and PyPy.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We collect information on **third-party extensions** in our `wiki <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/wiki/Extensions-to-attrs>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
Feel free to browse and add your own!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
If you'd like to contribute to ``attrs`` you're most welcome and we've written `a little guide <https://www.attrs.org/en/latest/contributing.html>`_ to get you started!
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Release Information
|
|
|
|
|
===================
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
19.3.0 (2019-10-15)
|
|
|
|
|
-------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Changes
|
|
|
|
|
^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Fixed ``auto_attribs`` usage when default values cannot be compared directly with ``==``, such as ``numpy`` arrays.
|
|
|
|
|
`#585 <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/issues/585>`_
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
`Full changelog <https://www.attrs.org/en/stable/changelog.html>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Credits
|
|
|
|
|
=======
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
``attrs`` is written and maintained by `Hynek Schlawack <https://hynek.me/>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The development is kindly supported by `Variomedia AG <https://www.variomedia.de/>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A full list of contributors can be found in `GitHub's overview <https://github.com/python-attrs/attrs/graphs/contributors>`_.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
It’s the spiritual successor of `characteristic <https://characteristic.readthedocs.io/>`_ and aspires to fix some of it clunkiness and unfortunate decisions.
|
|
|
|
|
Both were inspired by Twisted’s `FancyEqMixin <https://twistedmatrix.com/documents/current/api/twisted.python.util.FancyEqMixin.html>`_ but both are implemented using class decorators because `subclassing is bad for you <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3MNVP9-hglc>`_, m’kay?
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|